:root {
    --primary-blue: #0b1f3a;
    --accent-gold: #e69d45;
    --text-dark: #333333;
    --text-light: #666666;
    --bg-light: #f8f9fa;
    --white: #ffffff;
    --border-color: #eaeaea;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Inter', 'Roboto', sans-serif;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    background-color: var(--white);
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

a {
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Custom Header */
.custom-top-bar {
    background-color: var(--primary-blue);
    color: var(--white);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 8px 40px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.custom-top-bar .social-icons a {
    color: var(--white);
    margin-left: 10px;
}

.custom-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 20px 40px;
    background-color: var(--white);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    position: relative;
}

.custom-header .logo-container img {
    max-height: 60px;
}

.custom-header nav {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    align-items: center;
}

.custom-header nav a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.custom-header nav a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-blue);
}

/* Fix for OJS default user menu positioning */
.custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user_wrapper {
    position: relative !important;
    top: auto !important;
    right: auto !important;
    left: auto !important;
    transform: none !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
}

.custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 15px;
}

.custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user>li {
    display: inline-block;
}

.custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user>li>a {
    background-color: var(--primary-blue);
    color: var(--white) !important;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: bold;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    text-transform: capitalize;
    transition: background-color 0.3s;
}

.custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user>li>a:hover {
    background-color: #0a1b36;
}

.custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 10px 0 0 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user ul li {
    padding: 5px 0;
}

.custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user ul a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.mobile-menu-toggle {
    display: none;
}

/* Mega Menu Styles */
.nav-dropdown {
    position: relative;
    padding: 10px 0;
    /* Add padding so hover bridge works */
    margin: -10px 0;
}

.nav-dropdown>a {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 10;
}

.nav-dropdown:hover>.nav-link-dropdown {
    color: #df9e38;
}

.nav-dropdown:hover>.nav-link-dropdown i {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
    transition: transform 0.2s;
}

.nav-link-dropdown i {
    transition: transform 0.2s;
}

.mega-menu {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    width: 600px;
    background-color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    display: none;
    /* hidden by default */
    z-index: 100;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.nav-dropdown:hover .mega-menu {
    display: flex;
}

.dropdown-right .mega-menu {
    left: auto;
    right: 0;
}

.mega-menu-left {
    width: 55%;
    padding: 30px;
}

.mega-menu-left ul {
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 15px;
}

.mega-menu-left ul li a {
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    transition: color 0.2s;
}

.mega-menu-left ul li a i {
    margin-right: 15px;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    width: 20px;
    text-align: center;
    transition: color 0.2s;
}

.mega-menu-left ul li a:hover,
.mega-menu-left ul li a.active {
    color: #df9e38;
}

.mega-menu-left ul li a:hover i,
.mega-menu-left ul li a.active i {
    color: #df9e38;
}

.mega-menu-right {
    width: 45%;
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    padding: 40px 30px;
    position: relative;
}

.mega-menu-right .quote-icon {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #df9e38;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.mega-menu-right p {
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.mega-menu-right .divider {
    width: 40px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: #df9e38;
}

/* Subtle leaf graphic overlay for right panel */
.mega-menu-right::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -10px;
    right: -10px;
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    background-image: url('data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100"><path fill="%23e2e8f0" d="M90 90C90 70 70 50 50 50C70 50 90 30 90 10C90 30 110 50 110 50C110 70 90 90 90 90Z"/><path fill="%23cbd5e0" d="M80 80C80 60 60 40 40 40C60 40 80 20 80 0C80 20 100 40 100 40C100 60 80 80 80 80Z"/></svg>');
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-position: right bottom;
    background-size: contain;
    opacity: 0.6;
    z-index: 1;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.submit-btn,
.e-manuscript-btn {
    background-color: var(--primary-blue);
    color: var(--white) !important;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    font-weight: bold;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    transition: background-color 0.3s;
}

.submit-btn:hover,
.e-manuscript-btn:hover {
    background-color: #0a1b36;
}

body {
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero-section {
    display: flex;
    padding: 0;
    min-height: 600px;
    background-color: var(--white);
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='20' height='20' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Ccircle cx='2' cy='2' r='1' fill='%23cbd5e0'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    background-position: left top;
    background-repeat: repeat-y;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    /* Break out of container to be full bleed */
    width: 100vw;
    left: 50%;
    right: 50%;
    margin-left: -50vw;
    margin-right: -50vw;
}

.hero-content {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 80px 40px 100px;
    z-index: 2;
    align-self: center;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    /* Constrain content width */
    margin: 0 auto;
    /* Center it */
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.hero-content h4 {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    letter-spacing: 1.5px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.hero-content h1 {
    font-size: 3.8rem;
    line-height: 1.1;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
    margin: 15px 0 25px;
    font-family: 'Merriweather', 'Georgia', serif;
    font-weight: 800;
}

.hero-content h1 span {
    color: var(--accent-gold);
}

.hero-divider {
    width: 60px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: var(--accent-gold);
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.hero-content p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 35px;
    max-width: 90%;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.hero-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
}

.hero-buttons a {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.hero-buttons .btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--primary-blue);
    color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-blue);
}

.hero-buttons .btn-outline {
    background-color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-blue);
    color: var(--primary-blue);
}

.hero-buttons .btn-outline:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-blue);
    color: var(--white);
}

.indexed-in {
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.indexed-label {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #4a5568;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.indexed-logos {
    display: flex;
    gap: 25px;
    align-items: center;
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.hero-image {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 0;
    width: 55%;
    height: 100%;
    z-index: 1;
}

.hero-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 0;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: none;
}

.hero-image::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -29px;
    bottom: -2px;
    left: -1px;
    width: 250px;
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 100 100' preserveAspectRatio='none'%3E%3Cpath d='M0,0 L25,0 Q85,50 25,100 L0,100 Z' fill='%23ffffff'/%3E%3Cpath d='M24,0 Q84,50 24,100' fill='none' stroke='%230d2346' stroke-width='16'/%3E%3Cpath d='M14,0 Q74,50 14,100' fill='none' stroke='%23df9e38' stroke-width='2.5'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
    background-size: 100% 100%;
    z-index: 2;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-floating-card {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 50px;
    right: 50px;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    padding: 20px 25px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    z-index: 3;
}

.hero-floating-card .icon-circle {
    background-color: #f0f4f8;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
    width: 45px;
    height: 45px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
}

.hero-floating-card p {
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

/* Stats Section */
.stats-section-wrapper {
    margin: 0px auto 0px;
    max-width: 1200px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 10;
    width: 100%;
}

.stats-section {
    background-color: var(--white);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 30px 20px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.stat-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 15px;
    flex: 1;
    justify-content: center;
    border-right: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.stat-item:last-child {
    border-right: none;
}

.stat-item i {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
}

.stat-info h3 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
    margin: 0 0 4px 0;
}

.stat-info p {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #4a5568;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.pkp_structure_main h1,
.pkp_structure_main h2,
.pkp_structure_main h3,
.pkp_structure_main h4 {
    margin: 0;
}

.pkp_structure_main p,
.pkp_structure_main ul {
    line-height: 1.785rem;
    margin: .43rem 0;
}

/* About Section */
.about-section {
    display: flex;
    padding: 80px 40px;
    gap: 60px;
    align-items: center;
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    /* subtle light bg matching screenshot */
}

.about-image-wrapper {
    flex: 1;
    position: relative;
    padding: 20px;
}

.main-about-img {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 80px 20px 20px 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    display: block;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

/* Gray decoration behind the image */
.about-image-wrapper::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 80%;
    height: 90%;
    background-color: #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 80px 20px 20px 20px;
    z-index: 1;
}

.floating-card {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -20px;
    left: -20px;
    background-color: #0d2346;
    color: white;
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    z-index: 3;
    width: 250px;
    box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.floating-card i {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: white;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    display: block;
}

.floating-card p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin: 0 0 15px 0;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Dot pattern in the card */
.dot-pattern {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background-image: radial-gradient(#df9e38 2px, transparent 2px);
    background-size: 10px 10px;
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 20px;
    right: 20px;
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.about-content {
    flex: 1;
}

.about-content h4 {
    color: #df9e38;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1.5px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.about-content h2 {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    font-family: 'Merriweather', 'Georgia', serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.about-content p {
    color: #4a5568;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.about-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 15px 20px;
    margin-bottom: 35px;
}

.about-list li {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #4a5568;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.about-list li i {
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-right: 12px;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.about-content .btn-primary {
    background-color: #0d2346;
    color: white;
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
}

.about-content .btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: #0a1b36;
}

.angle-icon {
    transform: rotate(-45deg);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Recent Issues */
.recent-issues {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #051024 0%, #0d2346 100%);
    padding: 80px 60px;
    color: var(--white);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.recent-issues-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.recent-issues-header h2 {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-family: 'Merriweather', 'Georgia', serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.recent-issues-header .btn-outline {
    color: #df9e38;
    border-color: #df9e38;
}

.recent-issues-header .btn-outline:hover {
    background-color: #df9e38;
    color: #051024;
}

.issues-grid {
    /* Owl Carousel takes over layout */
    padding-bottom: 20px;
    position: relative;
}

/* Owl Carousel Custom Navigation */
.recent-issues .owl-nav button.owl-prev,
.recent-issues .owl-nav button.owl-next {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 45px;
    height: 45px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4) !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    color: white !important;
    font-size: 1.2rem !important;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.recent-issues .owl-nav button.owl-prev:hover,
.recent-issues .owl-nav button.owl-next:hover {
    border-color: white !important;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) !important;
}

.recent-issues .owl-nav button.owl-prev {
    left: -55px;
}

.recent-issues .owl-nav button.owl-next {
    right: -55px;
}

/* Hide default Owl Dots */
.recent-issues .owl-dots {
    display: none;
}

.issue-card {
    background-color: var(--white);
    color: #0d2346;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 20px;
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.issue-cover {
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    height: 220px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.issue-cover img {
    max-width: 100%;
    max-height: 100%;
    height: auto;
    width: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.issue-card:hover .issue-cover img {
    transform: scale(1.03);
}

.issue-card h3 {
    color: var(--primary-blue);
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.issue-card p {
    color: #64748b;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    flex-grow: 1;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.issue-card .btn-outline {
    display: inline-block;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-blue);
    background-color: transparent;
    align-self: center;
    padding: 10px 28px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.issue-card .btn-outline:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-blue);
    color: var(--white);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(13, 35, 70, 0.3);
}

.page_index_journal {
    background: #f8fafc;
}

/* Stats Section */
.stats-section-wrapper {
    padding: 0 40px;
    margin-top: -60px;
    /* Overlap with previous section if needed, or adjust spacing */
    position: relative;
    z-index: 4;
    background-color: transparent;
}

.stats-section {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 25px 30px;
    background-color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    margin: 0px auto;
}

.stat-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 15px;
    flex: 1;
    justify-content: center;
    position: relative;
}

/* Vertical dividers */
.stat-item:not(:last-child)::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 15%;
    height: 70%;
    width: 1px;
    background-color: #e2e8f0;
}

.stat-icon-wrapper {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: var(--white);
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.stat-item:nth-child(odd) .stat-icon-wrapper {
    background-color: #0d2346;
}

.stat-item:nth-child(even) .stat-icon-wrapper {
    background-color: #df9e38;
}

.stat-info {
    text-align: left;
}

.stat-info h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin: 0 0 2px;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.stat-info p {
    margin: 0;
    color: #4a5568;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

/* Why Publish */
.why-publish {
    padding: 60px 40px;
    text-align: center;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
}

.why-publish h2 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.why-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
}

.why-item {
    background-color: var(--white);
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.why-item i {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-blue);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.why-item h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

/* Custom Footer */
.custom-footer {
    background-color: #0b1528;
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 60px 40px 20px;
}

.footer-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2.5fr 3fr 1.5fr;
    gap: 40px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.footer-col .is_img img {
    max-width: 100%;
    max-height: 120px;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
}

.footer-menus-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 30px;
}

.footer-col h4 {
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.footer-col ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
}

.footer-col ul li {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.footer-col ul li a {
    color: #a0aec0;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.footer-col ul li a:hover {
    color: var(--white);
}

.newsletter-form input {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    background-color: transparent;
    border: 1px solid #4a5568;
    color: var(--white);
}

.newsletter-form button {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 10px;
    background-color: var(--accent-gold);
    border: none;
    color: var(--white);
    font-weight: bold;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.footer-bottom {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    border-top: 1px solid #2d3748;
    padding-top: 20px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #a0aec0;
}

@media (min-width: 1200px) {

    .pkp_site_name_wrapper,
    .pkp_navigation_primary_wrapper,
    .pkp_navigation_user,
    .pkp_search_mobile,
    .pkp_structure_content,
    .pkp_structure_footer {
        width: 100%;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 1200px) {
    .pkp_structure_main {
        width: 100%;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .pkp_structure_main {
        float: left;
        padding: 0;
        width: 652px;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .pkp_structure_content {
        padding-top: 0;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {

    .pkp_structure_main:before,
    .pkp_structure_main:after {
        content: '';
        position: absolute;
        top: 0;
        display: none;
        left: 0;
        bottom: 0;
        width: 1px;
        background: #ddd;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .pkp_structure_main {
        float: left;
        padding: 0;
        width: 100%;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .pkp_structure_main:first-child:last-child {
        float: none;
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
        margin-top: .1rem;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 1025px) {
    .dropdown-icon-mobile {
        display: none !important;
    }
}

/* Custom Responsive Styles */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {

    /* Top Bar Mobile */
    .custom-top-bar {
        flex-direction: row;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 10px;
        padding: 12px 20px;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .custom-top-bar>div {
        line-height: 1.6;
    }

    .top-bar-address {
        display: none;
    }

    /* Header Mobile Toggle */
    .mobile-menu-toggle {
        display: block;
        background: none;
        border: none;
        color: var(--primary-blue);
        font-size: 1.8rem;
        cursor: pointer;
    }

    .custom-header nav {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        position: absolute;
        top: 100%;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        background: var(--white);
        box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        padding: 20px 40px;
        gap: 20px;
        z-index: 1000;
        align-items: flex-start;
        text-align: left;
        /* Animation properties */
        opacity: 0;
        visibility: hidden;
        transform: translateY(-15px);
        transition: opacity 0.6s ease-in-out, transform 0.6s ease-in-out, visibility 0.6s ease-in-out;
    }

    .custom-header nav.mobile-active {
        opacity: 1;
        visibility: visible;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }

    .custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user {
        flex-direction: column;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user ul {
        max-height: 0;
        overflow: hidden;
        opacity: 0;
        padding: 0 !important;
        margin-top: 0 !important;
        transition: all 0.4s ease;
        text-align: left;
        background-color: #f8fafc;
        border-radius: 8px;
        width: 100%;
        box-shadow: inset 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    }

    .custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user ul li {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user ul li a {
        display: block;
        padding: 12px 20px;
        color: #0d2346;
        text-decoration: none;
    }

    .custom-header nav .pkp_navigation_user ul.submenu-active {
        max-height: 400px;
        opacity: 1;
        padding: 10px 0 !important;
        margin-top: 10px !important;
    }

    .e-manuscript-btn {
        margin-top: 10px;
        align-self: center;
        display: inline-flex !important;
    }

    .mega-menu {
        position: static;
        width: 100%;
        box-shadow: none;
        flex-direction: column;
        padding-left: 20px;
    }

    .mega-menu-left {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 10px 0;
    }

    .mega-menu-right {
        display: none !important;
    }

    /* Hero Section */
    .hero-section {
        min-height: auto;
    }

    .hero-content {
        padding: 40px 20px;
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
        /* More opaque for text readability */
    }

    .hero-content h1 {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }

    .hero-buttons {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .hero-buttons a {
        justify-content: center;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .indexed-logos {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .hero-image {
        width: 100%;
        opacity: 0.2;
        /* Fade image on mobile so text is legible */
        z-index: 0;
    }

    .hero-image::before {
        display: none;
        /* Hide wave mask on small screens */
    }

    .hero-floating-card {
        display: none;
        /* Hide on very small screens to save space */
    }

    /* Stats Section */
    .stats-section-wrapper {
        margin: 20px auto;
        padding: 0 20px;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .stats-section {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
        gap: 20px;
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .stat-item {
        justify-content: flex-start;
        border-right: none;
        border-bottom: none;
        padding-bottom: 0;
    }

    .stat-item:last-child {
        border-bottom: none;
        padding-bottom: 0;
        grid-column: 1 / -1;
        /* Make the 5th item span both columns */
        justify-content: center;
    }

    /* About Section */
    .about-section {
        flex-direction: column;
        padding: 40px 20px;
        gap: 40px;
    }

    .about-content h2 {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .about-content p {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }

    .about-image-wrapper {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 0 10px;
    }

    .floating-card {
        display: none;
        /* Hide floating card on mobile to prevent text overlap */
    }

    .about-list {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        /* Stack about list items vertically on mobile */
    }

    /* Recent Issues */
    .recent-issues {
        padding: 40px 20px;
    }

    .recent-issues-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 15px;
        margin-bottom: 30px;
    }

    .recent-issues-header h2 {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    /* Footer */
    .footer-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 30px;
    }

    .footer-menus-grid {
        display: grid !important;
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
        gap: 20px;
        width: 100%;
        visibility: visible !important;
        opacity: 1 !important;
    }

    .footer-col {
        display: block !important;
        visibility: visible !important;
        opacity: 1 !important;
    }

    .footer-bottom {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 15px;
        text-align: center;
    }

    /* Why Publish */
    .why-publish h2 {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .why-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .custom-header {
        padding: 15px 20px;
    }

    .custom-header .logo-container div {
        font-size: 1rem !important;
        /* Scale logo text */
    }
}

/* --- Peer Review Page Styles --- */

.pkp_page_peerReview {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    color: #333;
}

/* Hero Section */
.pr-hero {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    padding: 0px 0px 0px 60px;
    gap: 40px;
}

.pr-hero-text {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 300px;
}

.pr-hero-text h1 {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-family: 'Merriweather', serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.1;
}

.pr-hero-text h1.highlight {
    color: #df9e38;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.pr-hero-text .divider {
    width: 60px;
    height: 4px;
    background-color: #df9e38;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.pr-hero-text p {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.pr-hero-image {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 300px;
    text-align: right;
}

.pr-hero-image .image-wrapper {
    background-color: #0d2346;
    border-radius: 50% 0 0 50%;
    padding: 10px;
    display: inline-block;
    max-width: 100%;
}

.pr-hero-image img {
    max-width: 100%;
    border-radius: 50% 0 0 50%;
    display: block;
}

/* Commitment Section */
.pr-commitment {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    padding: 60px 40px;
    background-color: #fff;
    gap: 40px;
    align-items: center;
}

.commitment-left {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 300px;
}

.commitment-left .icon-circle {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    background-color: #0d2346;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    position: relative;
    color: white;
    font-size: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.commitment-left .small-icon {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 15px;
    right: 15px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #df9e38;
}

.commitment-left h2 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-family: 'Merriweather', serif;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.commitment-left .divider {
    width: 50px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: #df9e38;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.commitment-right {
    flex: 2;
    min-width: 300px;
}

.commitment-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 30px;
}

.commitment-item {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
}

.commitment-item .icon {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background-color: #f1f5f9;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.commitment-item h3 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    margin-top: 0;
}

.commitment-item p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #555;
    margin: 0;
}

/* Timeline Section */
.pr-timeline-section {
    padding: 60px 40px;
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    text-align: center;
}

.timeline-header h2 {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-family: 'Merriweather', serif;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.timeline-header p {
    color: #555;
    margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.pr-timeline {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-wrap: nowrap;
    overflow-x: auto;
    padding-bottom: 20px;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-top: 3%;
}

.timeline-step {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 120px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
}

.step-number {
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    background-color: #0d2346;
    color: white;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-weight: bold;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

/* Orange for 2, 4, 6 */
.timeline-step:nth-child(3) .step-number,
.timeline-step:nth-child(7) .step-number,
.timeline-step:nth-child(11) .step-number {
    background-color: #df9e38;
}

.step-icon {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background-color: white;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 10px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.timeline-step h3 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.timeline-step p {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #666;
}

.timeline-connector {
    color: #cbd5e1;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 60px;
}

/* Principles Section */
.pr-principles-section {
    padding: 60px 40px;
    background-color: #fff;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 40px;
}

.principles-left h2 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-family: 'Merriweather', serif;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.principles-left .divider {
    width: 50px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: #df9e38;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.principles-right {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
    gap: 20px;
}

.principle-item {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 20px;
    background: #f8fafc;
    border-radius: 10px;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.principle-item i {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.principle-item h3 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.principle-item p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #555;
}

/* Need Help Section */
.pr-need-help {
    padding: 40px;
    background-color: #f8fafc;
}

.help-content {
    background-color: #fff;
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 30px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.help-icon {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background-color: #0d2346;
    color: white;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 2rem;
}

.help-text {
    flex: 1;
}

.help-text h2 {
    margin: 0 0 5px 0;
    color: #0d2346;
}

.help-text p {
    margin: 0;
    color: #555;
}

.help-button {
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border: 1px solid #0d2346;
    color: #0d2346;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    font-weight: bold;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.help-button:hover {
    background-color: #0d2346;
    color: white;
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {

    .breadcrumb-container,
    .pr-hero,
    .pr-commitment,
    .pr-timeline-section,
    .pr-principles-section,
    .pr-need-help {
        padding: 40px 20px !important;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        margin-left: calc(50% - 50vw);
        margin-right: calc(50% - 50vw);
        width: 100vw;
        max-width: 100vw;
    }

    .breadcrumb-container {
        padding: 15px 20px !important;
    }

    .commitment-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .pr-timeline {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 30px;
    }

    .timeline-connector {
        transform: rotate(90deg);
        margin-top: 0;
        margin-bottom: 0;
    }

    .principles-right {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .principles-right {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .help-content,
    .about-main-card,
    .aims-card {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        text-align: center !important;
        align-items: center !important;
    }
}

/* =========================================
   Publication Ethics Hero Section
   ========================================= */
.ethics-hero {
    display: flex;
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    padding: 0 0 0 60px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 400px;
}

.ethics-hero-text {
    flex: 1;
    z-index: 2;
    max-width: 45%;
    padding: 40px 0;
}

.ethics-hero-text h1 {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-family: 'Merriweather', 'Georgia', serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.ethics-hero-text h1.highlight {
    color: #df9e38;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.ethics-hero-text .hero-divider {
    width: 60px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: #df9e38;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.ethics-hero-text p {
    color: #333;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.ethics-hero-image {
    flex: 1;
    height: 100%;
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 44%;
    z-index: 1;
}

.ethics-gold-curve {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: -15%;
    bottom: -15%;
    width: calc(100% + 40px);
    background-color: #df9e38;
    border-radius: 50% 0 0 50%;
    z-index: 1;
}

.ethics-blue-curve {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: -10%;
    bottom: -10%;
    width: calc(100% + 20px);
    background-color: #0d2346;
    border-radius: 50% 0 0 50%;
    z-index: 2;
}

.ethics-img-wrapper {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 50% 0 0 50%;
    z-index: 3;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.ethics-img-wrapper img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

/* =========================================
   Peer Review Hero Section
   ========================================= */
.pr-hero {
    display: flex;
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    padding: 60px;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 40px;
}

.pr-hero-text {
    flex: 1;
}

.pr-hero-image {
    flex: 1;
}

.pr-hero-image .image-wrapper {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 15px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.pr-hero-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: cover;
}

/* =========================================
   Mobile Responsiveness for Hero Sections
   ========================================= */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {

    /* Ethics Hero Mobile */
    .ethics-hero {
        flex-direction: column;
        padding: 40px 20px !important;
        align-items: flex-start;
        min-height: auto;
    }

    .ethics-hero-text {
        max-width: 100%;
        width: 100%;
        margin-bottom: 30px;
        padding: 0;
    }

    .ethics-hero-image {
        position: relative;
        width: 100%;
        height: 300px;
        border-radius: 12px;
        overflow: hidden;
    }

    .ethics-gold-curve,
    .ethics-blue-curve {
        display: none;
        /* Hide complex curves on mobile for clean stacking */
    }

    .ethics-img-wrapper {
        border-radius: 12px;
    }

    /* Peer Review Hero Mobile */
    .pr-hero {
        flex-direction: column;
        padding: 40px 20px !important;
        gap: 20px;
    }
}

/* =========================================
   Policies Page Styles
   ========================================= */

/* Dark theme modifier for ethics-hero */
.ethics-hero.dark-theme {
    background-color: #0d2346;
}

.ethics-hero.dark-theme::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05) 2px, transparent 2px);
    background-size: 15px 15px;
    z-index: 0;
}

.btn-hero-dark {
    background-color: #051024;
    color: white;
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 700;
    border: 2px solid #051024;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.btn-hero-dark:hover {
    background-color: #df9e38;
    border-color: #df9e38;
    color: white;
}

.btn-hero-light {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: #0d2346;
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 700;
    border: 2px solid #cbd5e1;
    background-color: white;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.btn-hero-light:hover {
    background-color: #f1f5f9;
}


.ethics-hero.dark-theme .ethics-hero-text h1 {
    color: white;
}

.ethics-hero.dark-theme .ethics-hero-text p {
    color: #cbd5e1;
}

/* Policies Grid */
.policies-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 30px;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.policy-card {
    background-color: white;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 40px 30px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    text-align: center;
    border: 1px solid #f1f5f9;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.policy-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.policy-icon {
    width: 70px;
    height: 70px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.policy-icon i {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #0d2346;
}

.policy-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.policy-card p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #64748b;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    flex: 1;
}

.policy-link {
    color: #0d2346;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    transition: color 0.3s;
}

.policy-link:hover {
    color: #df9e38;
}

/* Dark Help Banner */
.dark-help-banner {
    background-color: #051024;
    padding: 50px 60px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 30px;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto 40px auto;
    border-radius: 16px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.dark-help-banner::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 200px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) 2px, transparent 2px);
    background-size: 10px 10px;
    opacity: 0.5;
}

.banner-icon {
    width: 70px;
    height: 70px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1px solid rgba(223, 158, 56, 0.5);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.banner-icon i {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #df9e38;
}

.dark-help-banner .banner-text {
    flex: 1;
}

.dark-help-banner .banner-text h3 {
    color: white;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.dark-help-banner .banner-text p {
    color: #cbd5e1;
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.btn-orange {
    background-color: #df9e38;
    color: white;
    padding: 15px 30px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 700;
    z-index: 1;
    transition: background-color 0.3s;
}

.btn-orange:hover {
    background-color: #c98826;
    color: white;
}

/* Transparency Banner */
.transparency-banner {
    background-color: #fcf8f2;
    padding: 50px 60px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 30px;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto 80px auto;
    border-radius: 16px;
    border: 1px solid #f3e5d0;
}

.banner-icon-doc {
    font-size: 3rem;
    color: #0d2346;
}

.transparency-banner .banner-text {
    flex: 1;
}

.transparency-banner .banner-text h3 {
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.transparency-banner .banner-text p {
    color: #4a5568;
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.btn-outline-dark {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: #0d2346;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 700;
    border: 2px solid #0d2346;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.btn-outline-dark:hover {
    background-color: #0d2346;
    color: white;
}

/* Policies Mobile Responsiveness */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .policies-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
        padding: 0 20px;
    }

    .dark-help-banner,
    .transparency-banner {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 40px 30px;
        margin-left: 20px;
        margin-right: 20px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .policies-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

.pkp_structure_main {
    padding: 0rem !important;
}

/* =========================================
   Archives Page Styles
   ========================================= */

.archive-hero {
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    padding: 60px 80px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.archive-hero-text {
    flex: 1;
    max-width: 600px;
    z-index: 2;
}

.archive-hero-text h1 {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-family: 'Merriweather', 'Georgia', serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 10px 0 20px;
}

.archive-hero-text p {
    color: #333;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.archive-hero-image {
    flex: 1;
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 50%;
    z-index: 1;
}

.archive-blue-curve {
    position: absolute;
    left: -50px;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 150px;
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 2;
}

.archive-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 40px 20px;
}

.archive-layout {
    display: flex;
    gap: 40px;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.archive-sidebar {
    width: 320px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.journal-cover-wrapper {
    background-color: #0d2346;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.journal-cover-img {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 4px;
    display: block;
}

.btn-about-journal {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    background-color: #051024;
    color: white;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 15px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    transition: background-color 0.3s;
}

.btn-about-journal:hover {
    background-color: #df9e38;
    color: white;
}

.journal-info-card {
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 25px;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.journal-info-card h4 {
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-weight: 700;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
}

.info-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.info-label {
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #333;
    width: 40%;
}

.info-value {
    color: #64748b;
    width: 60%;
    text-align: right;
}

.archive-main {
    flex: 1;
}

.archive-header {
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.archive-header h2 {
    font-family: 'Merriweather', 'Georgia', serif;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.archive-header p {
    color: #4a5568;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.issues-list-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
    padding-bottom: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.issues-list-header h3 {
    font-family: 'Merriweather', 'Georgia', serif;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 0;
}

.filter-dropdown {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #0d2346;
}

.filter-dropdown select {
    padding: 8px 12px;
    border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background-color: white;
    color: #4a5568;
    outline: none;
}

.issues-list-container {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 15px;
}

.issue-list-card {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 20px 25px;
    background-color: white;
    transition: box-shadow 0.3s, border-color 0.3s;
    border-left: 4px solid #0d2346;
}

.issue-list-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

.issue-info-primary {
    flex: 2;
}

.issue-title {
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 0 0 5px 0;
}

.issue-date {
    color: #64748b;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 5px;
}

.issue-stats {
    flex: 1.5;
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    color: #64748b;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.stat-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.issue-action {
    flex: 1;
    text-align: right;
}

.btn-view-issue {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 8px 15px;
    border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
    border-radius: 6px;
    color: #0d2346;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.btn-view-issue:hover {
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    border-color: #94a3b8;
}

/* Custom Circular Pagination */
.custom-pagination {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.custom-pagination .page-link {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    background-color: white;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.custom-pagination .page-link:hover:not(.dots) {
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

.custom-pagination .page-link.active {
    background-color: #0d2346;
    color: white;
    border-color: #0d2346;
}

.custom-pagination .page-link.dots {
    border: none;
    background-color: transparent;
    color: #0d2346;
}

/* Archives Responsive */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .archive-layout {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .archive-sidebar {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .archive-hero {
        flex-direction: column;
        padding: 40px 20px;
    }

    .archive-hero-image {
        position: relative;
        width: 100%;
        margin-top: 30px;
    }

    .archive-blue-curve {
        display: none;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .issue-list-card {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 15px;
    }

    .issue-stats {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: flex-start;
    }

    .issue-action {
        width: 100%;
        text-align: left;
    }
}

/* Custom Issue Page Styles */
.custom-issue-page {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    /* Example font */
    color: #333;
    padding-bottom: 3rem;
}

.custom-issue-header-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eaeaea;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.custom-breadcrumbs {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #555;
}

.custom-breadcrumbs a {
    color: #0056b3;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.custom-breadcrumbs a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.custom-breadcrumbs .separator {
    margin: 0 0.5rem;
    color: #888;
}

.custom-breadcrumbs .current {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #d97706;
    /* orange-ish matching the image */
}

.custom-back-btn a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 4px;
    color: #333;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.custom-back-btn a:hover {
    background-color: #f5f5f5;
}

.custom-issue-title-container h1 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #1a202c;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.custom-issue-content-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.custom-issue-left {
    flex: 0 0 350px;
}

.custom-issue-cover img {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.custom-issue-right {
    flex: 1;
}

.custom-issue-date {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    color: #4a5568;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    background-color: #e6f0ff;
    padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    display: inline-flex;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.custom-issue-main-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #111827;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.custom-issue-description {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #4b5563;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.custom-issue-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.custom-issue-actions a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.btn-primary {
    background-color: #1e3a8a;
    /* dark blue */
    color: white;
    border: 1px solid #1e3a8a;
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: #172554;
}

.btn-secondary {
    background-color: white;
    color: #374151;
    border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
    background-color: #f3f4f6;
}

.btn-outline {
    background-color: white;
    color: #374151;
    border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
}

.btn-outline:hover {
    background-color: #f3f4f6;
}

.custom-issue-stats h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #111827;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.stats-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.stat-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.stat-icon {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: #f3f4f6;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #4b5563;
}

.stat-value {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #111827;
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #6b7280;
}

.custom-features-banner {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    background-color: #f8fafc;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.feature-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex: 1;
}

.feature-icon {
    width: 57px;
    height: 48px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: white;
}

.feature-icon.dark-blue {
    background-color: #1e3a8a;
}

.feature-icon.orange {
    background-color: #d97706;
}

.feature-text h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #111827;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.feature-text p {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #6b7280;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .custom-issue-content-wrapper {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .custom-issue-left {
        flex: 1;
        max-width: 400px;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .custom-features-banner {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .feature-item {
        flex: 1 1 40%;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .stats-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }

    .feature-item {
        flex: 1 1 calc(50% - 1rem);
    }

    .custom-issue-actions {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
}

/* Custom split login page styling */
.page_login {
    padding: 0;
    max-width: 100%;
}

.login-split-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    min-height: calc(50vh - 120px);
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    background: #f8fafc;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.login-split-wrapper *,
.login-split-wrapper *::before,
.login-split-wrapper *::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.login-left-panel {
    width: 45%;
    background: #0d2346;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 60px 80px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
}

.login-left-panel::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -150px;
    right: -100px;
    width: 500px;
    height: 500px;
    background-image: url('{$baseUrl}/public/journals/1/38603c5d-a6a4-4c8a-9b37-2f12f0e54703.webp');
    background-size: cover;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    opacity: 0.15;
    z-index: 1;
}

.login-left-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.login-left-content h1 {
    font-size: 2.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: #fff;
}

.login-left-content h1 span {
    color: #f59e0b;
    display: block;
}

.login-left-content p {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    color: #cbd5e1;
}

.login-features-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.login-features-list li {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    gap: 15px;
}

.login-features-list li .icon-box {
    width: 45px;
    height: 45px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: #f59e0b;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.login-features-list li h4 {
    margin: 0 0 5px 0;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #fff;
}

.login-features-list li p {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #94a3b8;
}

.login-right-panel {
    width: 55%;
    padding: 60px 80px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.login-form-card {
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    padding: 50px;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 550px;
    text-align: center;
}

.login-lock-icon {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    background: #f1f5f9;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin: 0 auto 20px auto;
}

.login-form-card h2 {
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.login-form-card h2::after {
    content: '';
    display: block;
    width: 40px;
    height: 3px;
    background: #f59e0b;
    margin: 15px auto 20px auto;
}

.login-form-card p.subtitle {
    color: #64748b;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.cmp_form.login {
    text-align: left;
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
}

.cmp_form.login .fields {
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
}

.cmp_form.login .fields>legend {
    display: none;
}

.cmp_form.login label .label {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.cmp_form.login label .required {
    color: #e11d48;
}

.cmp_form.login input[type="text"],
.cmp_form.login input[type="password"] {
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
    padding: 12px 15px 12px 45px !important;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0 !important;
    border-radius: 6px !important;
    font-size: 1rem !important;
    outline: none !important;
    transition: border 0.3s !important;
    background-color: #fff !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
}

.cmp_form.login input:focus {
    border-color: #0d2346;
}

.input-wrapper {
    position: relative;
}

.input-wrapper i {
    position: absolute;
    left: 15px;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    color: #94a3b8;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.login-options {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    gap: 10px;
}

.login-options .remember {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.login-options a.forgot {
    color: #0284c7;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.login-options a.forgot:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.cmp_form.login .buttons .submit {
    width: 100%;
    background: #0d2346;
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 14px;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.3s;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
}

.cmp_form.login .buttons .submit:hover {
    background: #1e3a8a;
}

.login-divider {
    text-align: center;
    margin: 25px 0;
    position: relative;
}

.login-divider::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 1px;
    background: #e2e8f0;
    z-index: 1;
}

.login-divider span {
    background: #fff;
    padding: 0 15px;
    color: #94a3b8;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.register-link {
    text-align: center;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.register-link a {
    color: #0284c7;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.register-link a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.login-bottom-features {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 30px;
    margin-top: 40px;
    padding: 20px 40px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    max-width: 750px;
}

.login-bottom-features .feature {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 15px;
}

.login-bottom-features .feature i {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    background: #f1f5f9;
    width: 45px;
    height: 45px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.login-bottom-features .feature h5 {
    margin: 0 0 3px 0;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.login-bottom-features .feature p {
    margin: 0;
    color: #64748b;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

@media(max-width: 992px) {
    .login-split-wrapper {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .login-left-panel,
    .login-right-panel {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 40px 20px;
    }

    .login-bottom-features {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px;
    }
}

/* Swoosh effect for left panel */
.login-left-panel {
    border-bottom-right-radius: 40% 150px;
}


/* Stronger swoosh */
.login-left-panel {
    border-bottom-right-radius: 50% 250px !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Article Details Page Custom Styling (Redesign)
   ========================================================================== */

.custom-article-page {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    color: #334155;
    padding: 40px 0;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.article-details-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 7fr 3fr;
    gap: 50px;
    align-items: start;
}

/* Badges */
.ad-badges {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.ad-badges .badge {
    padding: 6px 14px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.badge-dark {
    background: #0d2346;
    color: #fff;
}

.badge-gold {
    background: #f59e0b;
    color: #fff;
}

/* Titles */
.ad-title {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin: 0 0 10px 0;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.ad-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #64748b;
    margin: 0 0 25px 0;
}

/* Authors */
.ad-authors {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1e293b;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 5px;
}

.ad-author-name i {
    color: #94a3b8;
    margin-right: 3px;
}

.ad-author-sup {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: #64748b;
    margin-left: 2px;
}

.ad-author-sep {
    color: #cbd5e1;
    margin: 0 8px;
}

.ad-orcid-link {
    text-decoration: none;
    margin-left: 3px;
}

.ad-affiliations {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #64748b;
}

.ad-affiliation-item {
    margin-bottom: 3px;
}

.ad-corresponding {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.ad-corresponding a {
    color: #0284c7;
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* Actions */
.ad-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.ad-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.2s;
}

.ad-btn-dark {
    background: #0d2346;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 8px;
    border: 1px solid #0d2346;
    border-radius: 5px;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.ad-btn-dark:hover {
    background: #1e3a8a;
    color: #fff;
}

.ad-btn-light {
    background: #fff;
    color: #0d2346;
    border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
}

.ad-btn-light:hover {
    border-color: #0d2346;
    background: #f8fafc;
}

/* Timeline */
.ad-timeline {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 20px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.ad-time-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}

.ad-time-item i {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: #64748b;
}

.ad-time-item div {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.ad-time-item strong {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #0d2346;
}

.ad-time-item span {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #64748b;
}

/* Content Boxes */
.ad-box {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
}

.ad-box-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.ad-box-header i {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    background: #f1f5f9;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.ad-box-header h3 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.ad-box-content {
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #475569;
}

/* Keywords */
.ad-keywords {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 10px;
}

.ad-keyword-tag {
    background: #f1f5f9;
    color: #0284c7;
    padding: 6px 15px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Citation Output */
.ad-citation-output {
    font-style: italic;
    color: #334155;
    background: #f8fafc;
    padding: 15px;
    border-left: 4px solid #0d2346;
    border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
}

/* Contributing Banner */
.ad-contribute-banner {
    background: #f1f5f9;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 30px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.ad-contribute-left {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
}

.ad-icon-circle {
    background: #0d2346;
    color: #fff;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.ad-contribute-left h4 {
    margin: 0 0 5px 0;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.ad-contribute-left p {
    margin: 0;
    color: #64748b;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Right Sidebar */
.ad-cover-box {
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.ad-cover-box img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

.ad-sidebar-box {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 30px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
}

.ad-meta-item {
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.ad-meta-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.ad-meta-item h4 {
    margin: 0 0 8px 0;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #64748b;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.ad-meta-item p {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.ad-meta-item p i {
    color: #94a3b8;
    margin-right: 5px;
    width: 16px;
    text-align: center;
}

.ad-meta-item a {
    color: #0284c7;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.ad-meta-item a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Share Icons */
.ad-share-icons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.ad-share-icons a {
    width: 35px;
    height: 35px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: transform 0.2s;
}

.ad-share-icons a:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.share-fb {
    background: #1877f2;
}

.share-tw {
    background: #1da1f2;
}

.share-li {
    background: #0a66c2;
}

.share-em {
    background: #475569;
}

/* Responsive Grid */
@media(max-width: 992px) {
    .article-details-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .ad-contribute-banner {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        gap: 20px;
    }

    .ad-contribute-left {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .ad-actions {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .ad-btn {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .ad-timeline {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   Article Details Page Custom Styling (Redesign)
   ========================================================================== */
.custom-article-page {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    color: #334155;
    padding: 40px 0;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.article-details-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 7fr 3fr;
    gap: 50px;
    align-items: start;
}

/* Badges */
.ad-badges {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.ad-badges .badge {
    padding: 6px 14px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.badge-dark {
    background: #0d2346;
    color: #fff;
}

.badge-gold {
    background: #f59e0b;
    color: #fff;
}

/* Titles */
.ad-title {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin: 0 0 10px 0;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.ad-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: #64748b;
    margin: 0 0 25px 0;
}

/* Authors */
.ad-authors {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1e293b;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 5px;
}

.ad-author-name i {
    color: #94a3b8;
    margin-right: 3px;
}

.ad-author-sup {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: #64748b;
    margin-left: 2px;
}

.ad-author-sep {
    color: #cbd5e1;
    margin: 0 8px;
}

.ad-orcid-link {
    text-decoration: none;
    margin-left: 3px;
}

.ad-affiliations {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #64748b;
}

.ad-affiliation-item {
    margin-bottom: 3px;
}

.ad-corresponding {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.ad-corresponding a {
    color: #0284c7;
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* Actions */
.ad-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.ad-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.2s;
}

.ad-btn-dark {
    background: #0d2346;
    color: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #0d2346;
}

.ad-btn-dark:hover {
    background: #1e3a8a;
}

.ad-btn-light {
    background: #fff;
    color: #0d2346;
    border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
}

.ad-btn-light:hover {
    border-color: #0d2346;
    background: #f8fafc;
}

/* Timeline */
.ad-timeline {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 20px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.ad-time-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}

.ad-time-item i {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: #64748b;
}

.ad-time-item div {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.ad-time-item strong {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #0d2346;
}

.ad-time-item span {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #64748b;
}

/* Content Boxes */
.ad-box {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
}

.ad-box-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.ad-box-header i {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    background: #f1f5f9;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.ad-box-header h3 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.ad-box-content {
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #475569;
}

/* Keywords */
.ad-keywords {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 10px;
}

.ad-keyword-tag {
    background: #f1f5f9;
    color: #0284c7;
    padding: 6px 15px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* Citation Output */
.ad-citation-output {
    font-style: italic;
    color: #334155;
    background: #f8fafc;
    padding: 15px;
    border-left: 4px solid #0d2346;
    border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
}

/* Contributing Banner */
.ad-contribute-banner {
    background: #f1f5f9;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 30px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-top: 20px;
}

.ad-contribute-left {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
}

.ad-icon-circle {
    background: #0d2346;
    color: #fff;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.ad-contribute-left h4 {
    margin: 0 0 5px 0;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.ad-contribute-left p {
    margin: 0;
    color: #64748b;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Right Sidebar */
.ad-cover-box {
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.ad-cover-box img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

.ad-sidebar-box {
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 30px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
}

.ad-meta-item {
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

.ad-meta-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.ad-meta-item h4 {
    margin: 0 0 8px 0;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #64748b;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.ad-meta-item p {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.ad-meta-item p i {
    color: #94a3b8;
    margin-right: 5px;
    width: 16px;
    text-align: center;
}

.ad-meta-item a {
    color: #0284c7;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.ad-meta-item a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Share Icons */
.ad-share-icons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.ad-share-icons a {
    width: 35px;
    height: 35px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: transform 0.2s;
}

.ad-share-icons a:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.share-fb {
    background: #1877f2;
}

.share-tw {
    background: #1da1f2;
}

.share-li {
    background: #0a66c2;
}

.share-em {
    background: #475569;
}

/* Responsive Grid */
@media(max-width: 992px) {
    .article-details-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .ad-contribute-banner {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        gap: 20px;
    }

    .ad-contribute-left {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .ad-actions {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .ad-btn {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .ad-timeline {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }
}

/* Timeline and Content Box Overrides for Image Match */
/* Updated Design Layout Classes (Badges, Actions, Timeline, Boxes) */
.ad-badges {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.badge-dark {
    background-color: #0b2244;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 5px 12px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.badge-gold {
    background-color: #f59e0b;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 5px 12px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.ad-actions {
    margin: 20px 0;
    display: flex;
    gap: 15px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.ad-btn {
    padding: 12px 25px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

.ad-btn-dark {
    background-color: #0d2346;
    color: #ffffff;
}

.ad-btn-dark i {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #f59e0b;
}

.ad-btn-light {
    background-color: #f1f5f9;
    color: #0d2346;
}

.ad-btn-light i {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #64748b;
}

.ad-timeline-v2 {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 15px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
}

.ad-time-item-v2 {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.ad-time-item-v2 i {
    color: #64748b;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-top: 3px;
}

.ad-time-item-v2 .time-label {
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.ad-time-item-v2 .time-val {
    color: #64748b;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.ad-box-v2 {
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 25px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    background-color: #ffffff;
}

.ad-box-v2 h3 {
    margin: 0 0 10px 0;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #0d2346;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.ad-box-v2 h3 i {
    color: #64748b;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-right: 8px;
}

.ad-box-content-v2 {
    color: #4a5568;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.custom-footer a {
    text-decoration: none !important;
}